IRS Revenue Ruling 59-60 is an essential building block of modern business valuation practice. It identifies “the condition and outlook of the specific industry” as one of the factors to consider when valuing a private business. But how do investors measure industry risk and how does it fit in the valuation paradigm? Value is a…

Similar to balance sheets, business valuations are prepared as of a specific date. Sometimes a valuation’s effective date is in the past, and events have occurred after the valuation date that would have impacted the company’s value if investors knew (or could have known) about them beforehand. Such retrospective valuations are common in litigation and…

Individual taxpayers faced significant tax planning uncertainty for the first six months of the year. Many provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA) were scheduled to expire at the end of this year. However, after the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) became law in July, the federal tax rules for…